With respect to the Cape, the evidence shows that Rhodes made a number of important decisions, or supported developments, that intensified racial segregation in the late nineteenth century.
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This memorandum focusses on two key questions that have been central in debates following the Rhodes Must Fall protests in 2015-6: whether Rhodes contributed to racial segregation in the Cape Colony and how to characterise the violence in the conquest of Zimbabwe in the 1890s. It is extraordinary that he was allowed to hold all these positions while Prime Minister but also some indication of the range of activities in which he was engaged, his influence, and his ability as politician, mining magnate, businessman and empire-builder. He was simultaneously: chairman of De Beers diamond company, which monopolised production after 1888 joint managing director of Goldfields of South Africa one of the richest men in South Africa and managing director of the British South Africa Company, which colonised Zimbabwe and areas to the north from 1890. At this time, Rhodes, in his late 30s and early 40s, was at the peak of his power. He was the second longest-serving Prime Minister of the Colony and would have been in office longer if he had not staged the Jameson Raid (1895-6, see below). Rhodes became an increasingly influential member of the Cape parliament and served as Prime Minister from 1890 to 1896. In that year he won election to the Cape Legislative Assembly and completed a degree at Oriel College, following irregular visits to Oxford over an eight-year period. By 1881 he had bought up sufficient claims to be one of the largest diamond producers. Born in England, he arrived in South Africa in 1870, gained a little experience with his older brother on a farm in Natal, but soon migrated to the Kimberley diamond fields in 1871. Hugely ambitious and driven, he made an impact in many different spheres.
Several South Africans have also taken to social media to share their opinion on the issue, and ask for the return of the jewel.Cecil Rhodes did an extraordinary amount in his short life (1853-1902). "The minerals of our country and other countries continue to benefit Britain at the expense of our people." "The Cullinan Diamond must be returned to South Africa with immediate effect," said Sabelo. South African activist Thanduxolo Sabelo spoke to the media, stating that the large diamond had to be returned. Over 6,000 people have taken to sign a Change petition asking for the Great Star of Africa to be returned to South Africa. The diamond is currently mounted on a scepter that belonged to the late queen. The death has triggered mixed reactions online, and has also generated a lot of conversations around colonialism and genocide. According to CNN, the 500-carat diamond was presented to King Edward VII in 1907 Cullinan, a Gauteng province of South Africa.įollowing the death of the British monarch, many South Africans are calling on the royal family to return the jewel because it was not acquired legitimately. On the heels on the death of Queen Elizabeth II, South Africa is asking the royal family to return the largest clear-cut diamond in the world, known as the Great Star of Africa or Cullinan I.
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